Problematic Issues on Idiomatic Expression: A Lexicology Study on Monolingual Dictionaries

Abstract

This study investigates the problematic issues surrounding the representation of idiomatic expressions in monolingual online dictionaries, with a particular focus on the Oxford Monolingual Online Learner’s Dictionary. Idiomatic expressions, which are characterized by non-literal meanings and fixed or semi-fixed lexical patterns, present unique challenges for lexicographers. Drawing from qualitative analysis, the study identifies three central problem areas: (1) stability versus instability of idiomatic forms, (2) multi-word complexity and lexical evolution, and (3) idiomaticity and transparency. Findings reveal that idioms frequently appear in multiple lexical variants, complicating their classification and interpretation. Furthermore, many idioms evolve, leading to inconsistencies in dictionary entries and confusion among users. The degree of transparency of idioms also varies, with some being highly opaque and difficult to interpret without cultural or contextual knowledge. These issues highlight the limitations of traditional dictionary models in addressing the dynamic and figurative nature of idiomatic language. The study concludes by recommending a more phraseological and pattern-driven approach to lexicography, emphasizing the integration of idiom families, historical context, and usage-based explanations to better serve language learners and users. This research contributes to the field of lexicology and lexicography by offering practical insights for improving idiom representation in monolingual dictionaries.