Abstract:
English is an international language that is very important to be introduced to
early childhood. Especially in Indonesia, English has been introduced at the
elementary school level. However, several years ago English was officially
abolished at the elementary school level. This has an impact on the children's
ability to speak English. In Indonesia, young learners are children who can be
categorized into two groups, namely elementary school students in grades 1, 2,
and 3, which are often referred to as lower classes, and students in grades 4, 5, and
6 as upper classes. Because of this, many institutions open English courses,
especially for young learners. This study aims to determine the principles of
conversation analysis contained in conversations between teacher and EYL
students during class interactions in an EYL class using UNO cards and to find
out how teacher apply the principles of conversation in an EYL class. This
research uses descriptive qualitative in the form of conversation analysis. The
participants involved in this study were one teacher and four EYL students with
the research being conducted in one of the courses in Banjar. Research data were
collected using two instruments, namely observation (non-participants
observation) and interviews (semi-structured). The research findings were
analyzed based on 4 machines of interactional structure practice, namely; (1) turntaking, (2) sequence organization, (3) turn design, and (4) repair, show that the
teacher dominates the conversation during classroom interactions. This makes
teacher the first pair part (FPP) followed by young learners as a second pair part
(SPP). The results of the interview revealed that teacher must know every
psychology that young learners have in order to know the condition of each
student so that students' focus does not leave learning. It is also intended that
teacher are able to provide appropriate stimuli and methods for young learners.
The researcher concludes that the analyzed conversations between teacher and
EYL students are in line with the basic principles of conversation analysis. For
further researchers, it is hoped that they will be able to explore more broadly about the analysis of conversations that occur in class interactions.
