Literature Review Pengaruh Thermotherapy terhadap Nyeri Dada pada Pasien Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Abstract

ABSTRACK

Literature Review: The Effect of Thermotherapy on Chest Pain in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Nurman Arip Hermawan¹, Siti Rohimah², Ade Sity Riyantina³ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Galuh

Background: One of the clinical manifestations of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is chest pain, which occurs due to an imbalance between the oxygen supply and the myocardial oxygen demand, caused by a sudden obstruction in the coronary arteries. One non-pharmacological intervention used to reduce chest pain in ACS patients is heat therapy (thermotherapy). Objective: To identify and describe the effects of thermotherapy on reducing chest pain in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Methods: This study employed a literature review approach, collecting and analyzing secondary data systematically from relevant previous studies. Secondary data were obtained from national and international journals through databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, and ResearchGate, covering publications from 2015 to 2025. The search strategy used structured keywords based on Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Boolean operators (AND, OR). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined using the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study Design) framework to ensure the relevance and quality of the included studies. Literature selection was carried out using the PRISMA flowchart, resulting in 10 eligible studies from an initial total of 7,654 articles. Results: All ten journals analyzed demonstrated that thermotherapy is effective in reducing chest pain and improving physiological parameters in patients with ACS. Experimental studies reported a significant reduction in pain, both within and between groups. Case studies and descriptive research supported these findings, showing consistent decreases in pain scores following intervention, whether administered once or over multiple days. Additionally, improvements in vital signs were observed without any reported side effects. Conclusion: Based on the review of 10 journals, it can be concluded that heat therapy is effective in reducing pain and improving physiological status in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).

Keywords : Thermotherapy, Chest Pain, ACS References : 2015–2025 Affiliation Notes : ¹ Student, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Galuh; ² First Supervisor; ³ Second Supervisor