Abstract:
ABSTRACT
Background : Head injury is one of the most common emergency conditions that
causes acute pain and requires prompt and effective management. One non
pharmacological approach used for pain control is the Slow Deep Breathing (SDB)
technique. Objective : This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SDB therapy on
pain reduction in head injury patients through a systematic literature review using
the PRISMA method and PICOST framework. Methods : The research design
employed a literature review method by analyzing 10 selected journals obtained
from the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering the
period from 2015 to 2025. The ten selected articles include case study designs,
quasi-experimental studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A total of 10
articles were selected, comprising case studies, quasi-experiments, and RCTs.
Result : The Results showed that SDB therapy significantly reduced pain intensity,
enhanced patient comfort, and facilitated relaxation without adverse effects.
Therefore, SDB is recommended as part of non-pharmacological nursing
interventions in emergency departments, especially for patients with mild to
moderate head injuries.
